personalized medicine as a novel field of medicine refers to the prescription of specific therapeutics procedure for an individual. this approach has established based on pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic information and data. the terms precision and personalized medicines are sometimes applied interchangeably. however, there has been a shift from “personalized medicine” towards “precision me...

the emerging concept of personalized medicine or precision medicine has recently become more popular both among the health-care providers and patients. the focus of personalized medicine is to target prevention and treatment strategies based on patients’ variability in genotype, environment and lifestyle. since precision medicine will make the clinical guidelines much more conditional and branc...

personalized medicine is a set of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic approaches in which medical interventions are carried out based on individual patient characteristics. as life expectancy increases in developed and developing countries, the incidence of diseases such as cancer goes up among people in the community. cancer is a disease that the response to treatment varies from one person...